眼底病 Diabetes, the Macula and the Retina

By the end of this module you can…

• Explain why people with diabetes usually need a dilated eye exam every year, even when they see well.
• Ask about blood sugar, blood pressure and changes in vision, and guide retinal photos and OCT.
• Walk a patient through an eye injection visit step by step, without promising it won’t hurt.
• Coach the Amsler grid at home, one eye at a time with reading glasses on, and say what to report.
• Name the warning signs after an injection and in macular degeneration, and say when to call right away.

Key vocabulary

Fourteen words from this module. Tap the speaker to hear each one.

Diabetes and the retina

• 视网膜shì wǎng móRetina
• 黄斑huáng bānMacula
• 血糖xuè tángBlood sugar
• 血压xuè yāBlood pressure
• 眼底照相yǎn dǐ zhào xiàngRetinal photo
• 激光jī guāngLaser

Injections and the macula

• 眼内注射yǎn nèi zhù shèInjection into the eye
• 麻药水má yào shuǐNumbing drops
• 开睑器kāi jiǎn qìEyelid holder (speculum)
• 碘伏diǎn fúIodine antiseptic
• 方格表fāng gé biǎoAmsler grid
• 变形biàn xíngDistorted; lines look wavy
• 黑影hēi yǐngDark patch, shadow
• 维生素wéi shēng sùVitamins

Ten core phrases

The lines from this module’s take-home phrase sheet. In the course you can print them on one page for your pocket.

1. 糖尿病伤到眼睛，一开始常常没有感觉，所以一般要每年查。Táng niào bìng shāng dào yǎn jing, yì kāi shǐ cháng cháng méi yǒu gǎn jué, suǒ yǐ yì bān yào měi nián chá.Early eye damage often has no symptoms: usually a yearly check.
2. 最近血糖怎么样？上次查糖化是多少？Zuì jìn xuè táng zěn me yàng? Shàng cì chá táng huà shì duō shao?How’s your blood sugar? Your last A1C?
3. 最近看东西有没有变模糊、变形，或者有黑影？Zuì jìn kàn dōng xi yǒu méi yǒu biàn mó hu, biàn xíng, huò zhě yǒu hēi yǐng?Any blur, wavy lines or dark patches lately?
4. 先核对一下：请说一下您的全名和出生日期。今天打哪只眼？Xiān hé duì yí xià: qǐng shuō yí xià nín de quán míng hé chū shēng rì qī. Jīn tiān dǎ nǎ zhī yǎn?First, a quick check: please tell me your full name and date of birth. Which eye is it today?
5. 我先给您点麻药水，可能会有点刺痛。Wǒ xiān gěi nín diǎn má yào shuǐ, kě néng huì yǒu diǎn cì tòng.Numbing drops first. They may sting a little.
6. 请看这边，眼睛别动。Qǐng kàn zhè biān, yǎn jing bié dòng.Look over here, and keep your eye still.
7. 现在会有一点压的感觉，几秒钟就好。Xiàn zài huì yǒu yì diǎn yā de gǎn jué, jǐ miǎo zhōng jiù hǎo.You’ll feel some pressure, for a few seconds.
8. 如果越来越疼、越来越红，或者看得越来越不清楚，马上给我们打电话；找不到医生，就马上去急诊。Rú guǒ yuè lái yuè téng, yuè lái yuè hóng, huò zhě kàn de yuè lái yuè bù qīng chu, mǎ shàng gěi wǒ men dǎ diàn huà; zhǎo bu dào yī shēng, jiù mǎ shàng qù jí zhěn.Worse pain, redness or vision: call us right away. No answer? The emergency room.
9. 盖住一只眼，一直看中间的小黑点。直线有没有变弯？Gài zhù yì zhī yǎn, yì zhí kàn zhōng jiān de xiǎo hēi diǎn. Zhí xiàn yǒu méi yǒu biàn wān?One eye covered, eyes on the dot: any wavy lines?
10. 吃什么保健品，都请告诉医生。Chī shén me bǎo jiàn pǐn, dōu qǐng gào su yī shēng.Please tell the doctor about any supplements.

What’s in Module 10

1. Part 1 · Warm-UpWarm-Up: Sugar, Vitamins and Photos
2. Part 2 · Retina WordsReading the Pinyin · Saying 糖尿病眼病 vs. Charting 视网膜病变 · Vocabulary · Flash Cards
3. Part 3 · Diabetes and the EyeThe Yearly Diabetic Eye Exam · Honest and Kind · Key Patterns · Retinal Photos and OCT · What the Doctor Explains
4. Part 4 · Eye InjectionsWhy an Injection, and Consent · The Injection Visit, Step by Step · After the Injection
5. Part 5 · The Macula at HomeMacular Degeneration: Dry and Wet · Coaching the Amsler Grid · Vitamins, Lutein and Goji · What Patients Say · Warning Signs: When to Call
6. Part 6 · Role-PlayRound 1 · Guided Conversation · Round 2 · Controlled Practice · Rounds 3, 4 & 5 · Independent
7. Part 7 · Knowledge CheckModule 10 Knowledge Check
8. Part 8 · Wrap-UpModule 10 Homework · Take-Home Phrase Sheet · Module 10 Wrap-Up · 下次见